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Isolated DC-DC converters
Galvanically Isolated DC-DC Converters — Industrial Isolated Voltage Conversion
A galvanically isolated DC-DC converter separates the input and output circuits through a transformer, providing 1.5–5 kV isolation voltage between the two sides. Energom's isolated DC-DC converter portfolio comprises 3,058 products — from 1 W to 3,000 W — sourced from four manufacturers: Mean Well, TDK-Lambda, Victron Energy, and Enedo. The range spans from 1 W SIP modules soldered directly onto the PCB to 3 kW rack-mounted railway converters with EN 50155 certification. In our experience, the most common design error in isolated converter selection is underestimating the required isolation voltage level — selecting the correct isolation class is both an engineering and a regulatory compliance decision.
Why Is Galvanic Isolation Required?
Galvanic isolation serves four fundamental functions in industrial power systems:
- Safety isolation: physically and electrically separating the input and output sides prevents the input voltage from reaching the output in the event of a fault. This is a mandatory safety requirement in medical (IEC 60601-1, 2×MOPP), railway (EN 50155), and telecommunications applications.
- Common-mode noise rejection: transformer isolation prevents common-mode noise on the input side from propagating to the output. In analog measurement systems, medical sensors, and precision instrumentation, this is a fundamental prerequisite for output signal integrity.
- Ground loop elimination: when the input and output sides connect to points at different ground potentials, the potential difference induces a ground loop current. Galvanic isolation breaks this loop — particularly important in distributed measurement systems and industrial bus networks.
- Voltage level conversion between different potentials: the transformer turns ratio allows the output to be at a significantly different voltage level from the input — for example, deriving 24 VDC from a 110 VDC railway bus, or 3.3 VDC from a 48 VDC telecommunications bus.
Isolation Voltage Levels
The isolation voltage specifies the test voltage between input and output that the product withstands without failure for a defined duration. The required level is determined by the application's safety class and the applicable standard:
| Isolation voltage | Isolation type | Series in our portfolio | Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.5 kVDC | Functional | Mean Well SD, SBTN, SPU, DPU; TDK-Lambda CC-E, CCG, PXC, PXD | Industrial voltage conversion, signal isolation, ground loop elimination |
| 3 kVDC | Reinforced | Mean Well DETN, SFTN | Telecommunications, noise-sensitive analog circuits, industrial I/O isolation |
| 4 kVDC | Reinforced | Mean Well DDR, DDRH, RSD, RSDH; TDK-Lambda PXE, PXF | Industrial automation, telecommunications, solar PV systems |
| 5 kVAC (2×MOPP) | Medical | TDK-Lambda PXC-M, PXD-M, PXG-M | Patient-connected medical devices (IEC 60601-1) |
PCB-Mounted Isolated Modules (1–60 W)
PCB-soldered isolated converters for embedded systems, industrial electronics, and medical equipment:
- Mean Well compact modules (1 W) — SBTN, SPU, DPU (1.5 kV) and DETN, SFTN (3 kV) series. SIP-6 and SMD packages, single and dual output. Typical application: signal isolation, fieldbus interface, galvanic separation in analog measurement circuits.
- TDK-Lambda brick converters (1.5–60 W) — CC-E and CCG series (1.5–30 W, DIP/SMD), PXC/PXD/PXG series (5–20 W), PXE/PXF series (20–60 W). Industry-standard brick footprints (2"×1" through 2"×2") simplify PCB layout and second-source qualification.
- TDK-Lambda medical series (3–30 W) — PXC-M, PXD-M, PXG-M. 5 kVAC isolation voltage, 2×MOPP certification (IEC 60601-1), ≤2.5 µA touch current. These are the only series in our portfolio suitable for patient-connected (BF/CF type applied part) medical applications.
DIN Rail-Mounted Converters (15–480 W)
DIN rail-mounted industrial converters for control cabinets and distribution panels:
- Mean Well DDR series (15–480 W, 4 kV) — the most widely used choice for isolated DC-DC conversion in industrial automation. Six power levels: 15, 30, 60, 120, 240, 480 W. The "G" suffix denotes a 9–36 V input range, "L" denotes 18–75 V — together covering 12 V through 48 V industrial system voltages.
- Mean Well DDRH series (15–240 W, 4 kV) — 150–1,500 VDC input range. Designed for solar PV string voltage conversion and high-voltage DC bus applications — an input voltage range that conventional DC-DC converters cannot cover.
- TDK-Lambda DPX series (20–60 W, 1.6 kV) — premium DIN rail converter, 9–75 V input range, single and dual output. The choice where TDK-Lambda's long-term product maintenance and detailed documentation are primary considerations.
Enclosed, Panel, and Rack-Mounted Converters (15–3,000 W)
Enclosed, screw-mounted converters for medium and high power:
- Mean Well SD series (15–960 W, 1.5 kV) — the widest power range in a single enclosed series. General industrial voltage conversion where DIN rail mounting is not required. The flagship model, the SD-1000H, delivers 960 W at 24 VDC / 40 A output.
- Mean Well RSD and RSDH series (100–500 W, 4 kV) — enclosed converters with reinforced isolation. The RSDH variant features 250–1,500 VDC input range for high-voltage DC systems, similar to the DDRH.
- TDK-Lambda CN series (50–300 W) — premium industrial and railway converters with wide input range. Select models carry EN 50155 certification.
- Victron Energy Orion-Tr and Orion-Tr Smart (120–380 W) — isolated battery-to-battery chargers for conversion between 12/24/48 V system voltages. The Smart variants feature Bluetooth connectivity and app-based monitoring and configuration. Typical application: marine, RV, off-grid solar systems.
- Enedo DDC series (60–3,000 W, EN 50155) — railway-certified converters in panel and 19" rack form factors. The DDC9970 is the highest-power isolated converter in our portfolio: 3,000 W, 24 VDC / 110 A output, 77–137.5 V input range.
Mean Well Input Voltage Coding
Mean Well isolated DC-DC converters use a suffix letter to identify the input voltage range. When selecting the correct variant, the full operating range must be considered — not just the nominal input voltage:
| Suffix | Input range | Nominal input | Typical source |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 9.2–18 V | 12 VDC | 12 V battery, automotive systems |
| B | 16.8–33.6 V | 24 VDC | 24 V industrial bus, solar |
| C | 33.6–67.2 V | 48 VDC | 48 V telecom, PoE |
| D | 67.2–154 V | 110 VDC | 110 V industrial/railway bus |
| G | 9–36 V | 12/24 VDC | Wide range: 12 V and 24 V systems |
| L | 18–75 V | 24/48 VDC | Wide range: 24 V and 48 V systems |
Design note: in battery-powered systems, the voltage can vary by 30–40% from the nominal value depending on the state of charge. A 24 V lead-acid battery system, for example, has an operating range of 21–29 V — the "B" (16.8–33.6 V) suffix covers this range, but the wider "G" (9–36 V) provides additional margin where inrush current transients or deep discharge conditions may occur.
Selection Guide
For the most common application scenarios:
- 24 V PLC/sensor supply in a control cabinet: Mean Well DDR series, "B" or "G" input range. The 4 kV isolation provides adequate protection in industrial environments.
- PCB-level signal isolation (1 W): Mean Well DETN/SFTN (3 kV) or SBTN/SPU/DPU (1.5 kV) — the choice depends on the system's noise rejection requirements.
- Medical equipment with patient-connected parts: TDK-Lambda PXC-M, PXD-M, or PXG-M series — these are the only products in our portfolio with 2×MOPP certification (5 kV, IEC 60601-1).
- Solar PV DC-side conversion: Mean Well DDRH (150–1,500 VDC input, DIN rail) or RSDH (250–1,500 VDC, enclosed).
- Railway application (EN 50155): Enedo DDC series (60–3,000 W) or Mean Well RSD series (100–500 W).
- Marine / off-grid battery charging: Victron Energy Orion-Tr Smart — Bluetooth monitoring, isolated conversion between 12/24/48 V systems.
Manufacturers
- Mean Well — the largest share of the portfolio. DIN rail (DDR, DDRH), enclosed (SD, RSD, RSDH), and PCB-mounted compact modules (SBTN, DETN, SFTN, SPU, DPU). Excellent price/performance ratio, 3–5 year warranty, broad immediate stock availability.
- TDK-Lambda — premium industrial and medical grade. Brick converters (CC-E, CCG, PXC–PXG), DIN rail modules (DPX), industrial converters (CN). The medical PX-M series (2×MOPP, IEC 60601-1) is exclusively TDK-Lambda in our portfolio. Outstanding documentation and long-term product maintenance.
- Victron Energy — Orion-Tr and Orion-Tr Smart isolated battery chargers. Conversion between 12/24/48 V system voltages for mobile, marine, and off-grid applications. Smart variants provide Bluetooth-based monitoring and configuration.
- Enedo — DDC series for railway applications, EN 50155 certified. 60 W to 3,000 W, panel and 19" rack form factors. The highest-power isolated converters in our portfolio.
Why Source Isolated DC-DC Converters from Energom?
- Authorized Mean Well and TDK-Lambda distributor: direct manufacturer support, full product range, technical assistance, and application-specific consultation.
- 3,058 isolated DC-DC converters: 1 W to 3,000 W, four manufacturers, six mounting types — one of the widest isolated converter selections available from a single European source.
- Application-specific sizing: medical (2×MOPP), railway (EN 50155), industrial, and telecommunications applications — we assist with selecting the correct series, isolation level, and input range.
- European stock: key models ship from our Budapest warehouse with EU-wide dispatch under standard Incoterms (EXW Budapest / DAP).
Use the product filters above to narrow by manufacturer, power, and output voltage — or request a quotation for application-specific selection. The DC-DC converters overview page also covers non-isolated (POL) and LED driver types.
Frequently Asked Questions — Galvanically Isolated DC-DC Converters
What isolation voltage should I choose for an isolated DC-DC converter?
The required isolation voltage is determined by the application's safety class and the applicable standard. For general industrial voltage conversion and signal isolation, 1.5 kVDC functional isolation is sufficient (Mean Well SD, TDK-Lambda CC-E/CCG/PXC series). For industrial automation, telecommunications, and where the standard requires reinforced isolation, 4 kVDC is needed (Mean Well DDR, RSD series). For patient-connected medical equipment, 5 kVAC with 2×MOPP certification is mandatory — in our portfolio, the TDK-Lambda PXC-M, PXD-M, and PXG-M series meet this requirement.
What is 2×MOPP and when is it required in an isolated DC-DC converter?
2×MOPP (Means of Patient Protection) is a requirement of the IEC 60601-1 medical safety standard. It specifies two independent means of protection between the patient and hazardous voltage: typically 4 kVAC test voltage, ≤100 µA (BF type: ≤10 µA) leakage current, and at least 8 mm creepage distance. In our portfolio, the TDK-Lambda PXC-M, PXD-M, and PXG-M series (3–30 W) carry 2×MOPP certification. It is mandatory in any medical device containing patient-connected (BF or CF type) applied parts.
What is the brick format and what sizes exist?
The brick format is an industry-standard size series for PCB-mounted isolated DC-DC converters. The DOSA (Distributed-power Open Systems Alliance) standard defines six sizes: 1/32 brick (23.4 × 19 mm), 1/16 brick (33 × 22.9 mm), 1/8 brick (58.4 × 22.7 mm), 1/4 brick (58.4 × 36.8 mm), 1/2 brick (61.5 × 57.9 mm), and full brick. The standard footprints allow designers to qualify modules from multiple manufacturers with identical pinouts — simplifying second-source qualification. In our portfolio, the TDK-Lambda PXC, PXD, PXE, and PXF series follow the brick standard sizes.
What is the Mean Well DDRH and RSDH series 150–1,500 V input range used for?
The DDRH (DIN rail) and RSDH (enclosed) series feature a 150–1,500 VDC ultra-wide input range. Two primary application areas require this range: (1) solar PV system DC side, where the string voltage varies widely depending on irradiance and temperature, and (2) high-voltage DC bus systems (battery energy storage, electrical power distribution). Conventional DC-DC converters typically have 2:1 or 4:1 input ranges — the DDRH/RSDH 10:1 input range is the solution where no standard type can span the full input voltage variation.
How do I choose between the Mean Well DDR (DIN rail) and SD (enclosed) series?
The key differences are mounting type and isolation voltage. The DDR series: DIN rail-mounted (for control cabinets and distribution panels), 4 kVDC reinforced isolation, 15–480 W. The SD series: enclosed with screw mounting, 1.5 kVDC functional isolation, 15–960 W. If the application is in an industrial control cabinet and reinforced isolation is required → DDR. If higher power is needed (above 480 W), panel mounting is preferred, and 1.5 kV isolation is sufficient → SD. If both reinforced isolation AND an enclosed form factor are required → RSD series (100–500 W, 4 kV).
